English learners (ELs) are students whose native language is not English and who are in the process of becoming proficient in English. The majority of ELs entering our schools face a variety of challenges and their need for systemic instructional and sometimes social, emotional, and/or behavioral support is often significant. Furthermore, the COVID- 19 pandemic increased the learning gap between ELs and native English speakers, with ELs now requiring even more support to catch up to their peers. Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) (formerly known as Response To Intervention, or RTI) provides an effective framework for assessing and understanding the needs of ELs. MTSS involves data-based decision-making through the universal screening and progress-monitoring of students, as well as the differentiation of instruction. It also includes the identification and delivery of student services and resources through a multi-tiered model that is generally depicted with three (3) tiers. Although the nature of the challenges faced by most ELs differs from those of struggling native English-speaking students, many ELs also need significant general education supports. This requires schools to plan specifically for ELs when creating their MTSS plan. This guide provides teachers with academic and behavioral supports and interventions to use with ELs that will help them thrive in the classroom.
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