"Vaccinations can prevent diseases and improve the quality of life for Medicare beneficiaries. Vaccinations for flu and pneumonia are covered by Medicare's Part B physician and outpatient service benefit. Since 2006, Medicare's Part D prescription drug benefit covers other routinely recommended vaccinations, such as the shingles vaccination. Part D typically contracts with pharmacies, but not physicians, for covered vaccinations. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required GAO to study Medicare beneficiary access to routinely recommended vaccinations covered under Part D. GAO examined (1) the extent to which beneficiaries have received Part D-covered vaccinations, (2) factors affecting beneficiary access to vaccinations, and (3) any findings and recommendations of government agencies and other stakeholders to increase access to Part D-covered vaccinations. To do this, GAO (1) analyzed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) national health survey data and Medicare data; (2) surveyed physicians, pharmacies, and state beneficiary assistance programs nationwide; and (3) convened a facilitated discussion with stakeholder groups."
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