Many people experiencing premature hair loss simply resign themselves to a process that is as inevitable as growing old. This is a positive and healthy reaction to what is a natural process for many. But for others the onset of premature balding or excessive hair loss represents a traumatic development that causes untold worry and suffering. This too is a legitimate reaction regardless of whether the hair loss is caused by hereditary factors or some other more complex cause.Hair loss, also known as alopecia or baldness, refers to a loss of hair from part of the head or body. 1] Typically at least the head is involved. 3] The severity of hair loss can vary from a small area to the entire body. 6] Inflammation or scarring is not usually present. 3] Hair loss in some people causes psychological distress. 2]Common types include: male-pattern hair loss, female-pattern hair loss, alopecia areata, and a thinning of hair known as telogen effluvium. 3] The cause of male-pattern hair loss is a combination of genetics and male hormones, the cause of female pattern hair loss is unclear, the cause of alopecia areata is autoimmune, and the cause of telogen effluvium is typically a physically or psychologically stressful event. 3] Telogen effluvium is very common following pregnancy. 3]Less common causes of hair loss without inflammation or scarring include the pulling out of hair, certain medications including chemotherapy, HIV/AIDS, hypothyroidism, and malnutrition including iron deficiency. 2] 3] Causes of hair loss that occurs with scarring or inflammation include fungal infection, lupus erythematosus, radiation therapy, and sarcoidosis. 2] 3] Diagnosis of hair loss is partly based on the areas affected. 3]Treatment of pattern hair loss may simply involve accepting the condition. 3] Interventions that can be tried include the medications minoxidil (or finasteride) and hair transplant surgery. 4] 5] Alopecia areata may be treated by steroid injections in the affected area, but these need to be frequently repeated to be effective. 3] Hair loss is a common problem. 3] Pattern hair loss by age 50 affects about half of males and a quarter of females. 3] About 2% of people develop alopecia areata at some point in time
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