Gut microflora are bacteria and other organisms that live inside the intestines. Also called gut flora, intestinal flora, intestinal microflora, and microflora. The gut microbiota provides essential capacities for the fermentation of non-digestible substrates like dietary fibres and endogenous intestinal mucus. In humans, the paramount degree of bacterial colonization in or on the body is found along the length of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic lifelong gastrointestinal abnormality that results in considerable discomfort including surgery in many patients.