Fatty liver disease, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a relatively common condition characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver. This buildup of fat can lead to inflammation and damage to the liver, compromising its ability to function properly. While a small amount of fat in the liver is normal, excessive accumulation can result in serious health complications. There are two main types of fatty liver disease: alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AFLD is caused by excessive alcohol consumption, while NAFLD is not related to alcohol use and is typically associated with obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Both types can progress to more serious liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, if left untreated. The prevalence of fatty liver disease has been steadily increasing in recent years, with an estimated 25% of the global population affected by NAFLD. In the United States, it is the most common liver disease, affecting over 100 million people. This is largely due to the rising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are major risk factors for developing NAFLD. However, AFLD is also a growing concern, as alcohol consumption continues to be a significant issue in many countries. The liver plays a crucial role in the body's metabolism, filtration, and detoxification processes. It is responsible for breaking down fats, producing and storing glucose, and filtering harmful substances from the blood. When the liver becomes overwhelmed with excess fat, it can become inflamed and damaged, leading to a condition called steatohepatitis. One of the reasons why fatty liver disease can be dangerous is because it often has no obvious symptoms in its early stages. Many people with the condition may not even be aware that they have it until it progresses to more severe liver damage.
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