Cancer is a genetic disease with abnormal cell growth that can spread to other body parts and is brought on by genetic or epigenetic changes in somatic cells. Globally, 18.6 million cases of cancer were reported years ago, including 9.6 deaths per 100,000 people and 9.5 cases per 100,000 people for men and women, respectively. Although there are more than 100 different types of cancer that affect people, the most common cancers in the world are prostate, breast, lung, stomach, colorectal, and non-melanoma skin cancers. Cancer's effects are becoming more and more severe every day. Cancer is caused by several infections, including HIV, hepatitis B, and Epstein-Barr virus, which accounts for 15% of cancer cases, tobacco use accounting for 22% of cancer cases, obesity accounting for 10%, and ionizing radiation and other environmental factors accounting for 10% of cancer cases. In this review article, we attempt to shed light on a variety of cancer-causing factors, types of cancer, the causes of cancer, signs, and symptoms of cancer, diagnostic procedures, cancer treatments, and issues related to cancer treatments. To improve cancer treatments in the future, a lot of research is currently being done on precision medicine. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, surgery, hormone therapy, and mixtures of these treatments are the most frequent treatments given to patients. Even though stem cell transplants are among the best cancer treatments, they are typically administered after more conventional treatments to help the patient recover from blood loss and restore their health.
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