Fabrication Methods of Functionally Graded Materials

By: Singh, Ranjeet Kumar

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) replace the sharp interface between dissimilar materials with a designed transition in composition, microstructure or porosity. Making that transition reliably is the central challenge. This book reviews every major route to FGMs: powder metallurgy and spark plasma sintering, centrifugal casting and infiltration, thermal spraying and vapour deposition, diffusion and combustion synthesis, and additive manufacturing, including directed energy deposition, multi-material powder bed fusion and wire arc processes. Each method is explained from principle to microstructure, properties and defects, with attention to the difference between the gradient that is designed and the gradient that is actually realized. A unifying process-structure-property framework, a characterization and verification strategy, and an evidence-based comparison of methods and their industrial maturity make the book a practical guide for PhD scholars, researchers, faculty members and materials and manufacturing engineers.

• Format: Paperback
• Language: English
• ISBN: 6630585534
• ISBN13: 9786630585537
• Release Date: October 2026
• Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
• Length: 436 Pages
• Weight: 1.28 lbs.
• Dimensions: 1.0" x 6.0" x 9.0"