Modern manufacturing demands cost-effective, high-precision methods to machine complex materials like super alloys and matrix composites. While Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) typically utilizes direct polarity (negative tool, positive workpiece), this research investigates the under-explored area of reverse polarity (positive tool, negative workpiece) to evaluate metal removal rates, surface finishes, and electrode wear. Utilizing a Taguchi L8 orthogonal array with replication and randomization, the study analyzes austenitic SS304 and aluminium machined with copper electrodes. The project unfolds in two distinct phases: first, a theoretical analysis of spark gap phenomena and dielectric breakdown across media like deionised water and silicic acid soda; and second, a practical analysis of spark erosion and surface generation mechanism. By examining surface integrity through SEM morphological studies, microhardness, residual stresses, and time-series textural modeling, this research seeks to clarify how electrode polarity influences the EDM process, transforming its troubleshooting efficiency.
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