Darwinian Psychiatry

by Alfredo Troisi, Michael McGuire, Alfonso Troisi

Book Overview

For years, psychiatry has operated without a unified theory of behavior; instead, it has spawned a pluralism of approaches--including biomedical, psychoanalytic, behavioral, and sociocultural models--each with radically different explanations for various clinical disorders. In Darwinian Psychiatry, Michael T. McGuire and Alfonso Troisi provide a conceptual framework for integrating many features of prevailing models. Based on Darwinian theory rather...

• Format: Hardcover
• Language: English
• ISBN: 0195116739
• ISBN13: 9780195116731
• Release Date: April 1998
• Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
• Length: 360 Pages
• Weight: 1.45 lbs.
• Dimensions: 0.8" x 6.1" x 9.2"

Customer Reviews

Psychiatry from an Evolutionary Perspective

The authors complain that psychiatry is sort of all over the map without a controlling paradigm by which to measure behavior and provide correlated treatments. They state psychiatry is in disarray, with numerous theories and postulates, but no guiding theory upon which to form a model grounded in science. To rescue psychiatry from this abyss, they recommend that Darwinism be used as the new model that not only grounds theory in fact, but provides a clearer correlate between functional diagnosis (signs and symptoms) and suitable treatment (e.g., psychotropics and/or counseling). Does their new paradigm succeed? I'm convinced. The book is short, a mere 270 pages. It's not intended as an introduction to psychiatry; in fact it presumes a significant acquaintance with most psychiatric concepts. The book intends that these given concepts be reexamined in light of Darwin's theory. Such concepts discussed in this context are: natural selection, adaptation, function, ultimate causation, individual fitness, self-interest, reciprocal altruism, proximate mechanisms, development, traits, learning, culture, and history strategies. The authors' approach is centered in a functional analysis of behavior that gives causal hypotheses and provides from assumptions that conditions will be more meaningfully classified and their contributing factors more rapidly identified (p. 81). Outward behavior gives events that are usually terms of separate genetic, physiological, and psychological mechanisms turn out to be subparts of infrastructures that contribute to specific functions (p. 92). They state categorically: "Evolutionary models of mental conditions differ from psychiatry's model in a number of ways. Most critically, they are based on a theory of behavior that includes ultimate causes, biological motivations-goals, sexual selection, infrastructures, trait and trait variation, and the social environment. Proximate even6ts, such as genetic mistakes, predispositions, adverse environments, psychosocial stress, wrong or inadequate learning, dysfunctional physiological systems, and intrapsychic conflicts are sometimes, but not always, part of the explanation. Viewed this way, many conditions turn out to be minimally adaptive; some turn out to be adaptive, and some features of conditions represent attempts to act adaptively" (p. 149). The first half of the book explores these concepts in general, while the second half explores individual conditions such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, dysthymia, etc. For example, "behavioral states, traits, and events are that (1) others' behavior initiates infrastructural activities that have physiological, psychological, and behavioral consequences; (2) interaction sequences can be viewed as functional units; (3) typical interaction sequences are often consequences of compromised infrastructures; and (4) inferences about infrastructure functionality can be made through the observation of behavior and its function" (p. 98). It'

Exceptional Scholarly Work

It is an exceptional, and very rare scholarly work of incredible science that tries to avoid human biases that can easily creep into the evaluation of psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, and other therapies. As other good reviewers have said this book is very comprehensive and written for the advanced reader but it is a MUST for ALL and should be mandatory reading for any progressive school or person. The book discusses several human brain conditions from anxiety all to way to schizophrenia, and discusses their definition, diagnosis, origins, prevalence, reasons for existing, etc.... What I specifically noted about this book, apart from all the good that has been written, is its attempt to remove, as much as possible, human biases in the science of psychology, and psychiatry and to just state "Just the facts mam". They even admit to the pitfalls of the traditional fields of psychology, and psychiatry (e.g. psychoanalysis). A MUST for those wanting to move on beyond the traditional psychobable and self-help; towards real science.An extremely interesting book detailing evolutionary human behavior. Covers a very wide range from the history of evolutionary thinking to the latest views. Includes: kin selection, friendship, family, group, and tribal behavioral dynamics as viewed from an evolutionary point of view.For further reading:The Moral Animal : The New Science of Evolutionary Psychology by Robert WrightCharles Darwin by John BowlbyEvolutionary Psychiatry : A New Beginning by Anthony Stevens, John PriceDarwinian Psychiatry by Michael T. McGuire, Alfonso Troisi

A state-of-the art review of the biology/psychiatry link

The authors are accomplished psychiatrists who here bring together the wealth of information from contemporary biology, studies of animal behavior, and evolutionary theory, to consider their impact on the practice of psychiatry. Darwinian Psychiatry is an amazing book for its scholarship, erudition, and comprehensiveness. It shows decisively how the mind/body and nature/culture dichotomies are not only pointlessly wrong but scientifically and medically dangerous. It is by no means a simple book to read because of the density of technical information. But it is relatively jargon-free and designed to be helpful to medics interested in treating sick people as well as scientists pursuing fundamental studies. It is a work of quite bewilderingly impressive skill.