Changing Nature of National Security (The 4th Edition)
The global security environment is undergoing a profound transformation. Traditional notions of war, peace, and deterrence are being reshaped by technological acceleration, geopolitical fragmentation, environmental stress, and the rise of non-state actors. This book argues that the post-Cold War promise of a stable liberal international order has given way to a more complex and unstable reality: a system characterized not by periodic conflict, but by continuous, multidimensional tension.
At the core of this transformation lies a deeper structural shift: international politics can no longer be understood as a system oscillating between equilibrium and crisis, but rather as a condition of persistent volatility, in which instability is embedded in the architecture of the global system itself.
From cyber warfare and artificial intelligence to climate-induced insecurity and shifting power balances among the United States, China, and Russia, global politics is increasingly defined by simultaneous interdependence and fragmentation. In this environment, security can no longer be understood solely in military terms but must be redefined in terms of economic resilience, technological sovereignty, informational power, and human vulnerability.
Drawing on classical and contemporary theories of international relations, this work critically examines the limits of realism, liberalism, and constructivism in explaining today's world. Rather than rejecting these traditions, it situates them as partial perspectives that capture fragments of a more complex systemic reality.
Ultimately, the book challenges the assumption that order is the natural end state of international politics, suggesting instead that uncertainty, adaptation, and managed conflict are not temporary deviations but the defining features of the emerging global system.
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