In this well-substantiated, revisionist study, Maura Lyons addresses the question: What did the phrase "American art" mean in 1834 when William Dunlap published his two-volume History of the Rise and Progress of the Arts of Design in the United States? Although Dunlap's book, replete with the biographies of nearly 300 visual artists, is seen today as the foundational text of American art history, it had actually faded into obscurity by the...