The concept of "Soft War" (جنگ نرم in Persian) refers to a comprehensive strategy employed by the Islamic Republic of Iran, particularly since the late 2000s, that focuses on influencing minds, culture, and public opinion rather than relying solely on conventional military force. It encompasses tools such as state-controlled media, cultural production, religious messaging, educational programs, and online information campaigns to shape narratives at home and abroad. Framed by Iranian officials as a defensive response to perceived Western cultural and psychological warfare, Soft War aims to protect the Islamic Republic's ideological foundations, strengthen regime legitimacy, and counter what it portrays as foreign efforts to undermine Iranian society from within.
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