People cover most of their vitamin D requirements through exposure to sunlight, as only a few foods, such as wild salmon, are naturally rich in vitamin D. UVB radiation is absorbed through the skin and causes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3. This is converted into vitamin D3, which is transported to the liver, where it is hydroxylated into 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. The measurement of 25(OH) D3 concentrations is crucial for classifying vitamin D status, which, however, is not yet uniformly defined worldwide. 25(OH) D3 is then transported to the kidneys, where it is hydroxylated to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. This is the biologically active form and is therefore responsible for calcium homeostasis. Around one billion people are currently affected by vitamin D deficiency. This causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. However, we now know that vitamin D deficiency is also responsible for many extraskeletal consequences, such as an increased risk of developing cancer and multiple sclerosis or suffering from cardiovascular disease.
ThriftBooks sells millions of used books at the lowest everyday prices. We personally assess every book's quality and offer rare, out-of-print treasures. We deliver the joy of reading in recyclable packaging with free standard shipping on US orders over $20. ThriftBooks.com. Read more. Spend less.