How does a people move from tribal and religiously based understandings of society to a concept of the modern nation-state? This book examines the complex and pivotal case of Turkey. Tracing the shifting valences of vatan (Arabic for "birthplace" or "homeland") from the Ottoman period--when it signified a certain territorial integrity and imperial ideology--through its acquisition of religious undertones and its evolution alongside the concept of millet (nation), Behl l zkan engages readers in the fascinating ontology of Turkey's protean imagining of its nationhood and the construction of a modern national-territorial consciousness.