Tom-the-Atom introduces Calcium and his smaller brother Magnesium, a favorite and reactive atom of the family of Group 2A: The Alkaline Earth Metals. In his family, there are six siblings. They are from Group 2A, in the Periodic Table. This group has two valence electrons or "hands" and six empty spaces ("empty sleeves") in their outermost shell to add up to eight. They prefer to lose those two valence electrons rather than look for six additional valence electrons or "hands" from other atoms to fill their outermost shell. When the atom loses its two outer electrons, the atom becomes a positive ion, with two positive charges (two lost electrons). More precisely, they are called Cations. Tom-the-Atom also introduces Magnesium, a lighter and smaller brother of Calcium from the same Group 2A family of the Alkaline Earth Metals. Both Calcium and Magnesium are essential for the well-being of human bones, teeth, and nervous systems, and they are contained in milk and many fruits.
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