Thoracoscopy and biobsy have been developed as critical tools with which to diagnose pleural, and sometimes lung disease when simpler clinical and laboratory methods of examination have failed to yield a diagnosis. Thoracoscopy, which can be performed in an endoscopy suite or operating room, using simple sedation and local anesthesia and nondisposable equipment, is a useful, and less invasive, alternative to thoracotomy. Direct visualisation of thepleura...