A 100 million seed fund reserves half for follow-ons. Taking full pro-rata in all forty companies would cost 590 million: 14.8 times the reserve it actually has. The pool can defend fewer than three companies. Which three is now your recommendation.
Most people arrive at a fund with a strong resume and almost no idea what an associate actually does, how deals get done, or how to be genuinely useful to partners and founders. This is a complete, practical guide to the craft of early-stage investing, written for the people who do the work, with the arithmetic run rather than described.
Who this book is forMBA candidates targeting a summer associate role, and newly minted analystsFinance and consulting professionals moving toward startupsFounders and early employees crossing to the other side of the table, and angels formalizing their practiceWorked, not describedThe reserve arithmetic: a ten percent stake that never follows on ends at 3.70 percent after four rounds; 61 percent of the cost of defending a position falls in the Series D alone; concentrating the same reserve returns 2.47 times the fund against 1.90 spread evenly; and on this fund shape reserving a quarter returns 3.14 times against 2.47 at the conventional half.The unit economics of growth: two companies doubling revenue, one retaining 115 percent of each cohort and one 70 percent. The second must buy 1.529 times as much new revenue every year, and its exposure to an error in acquisition cost is 6.68 times higher. Stop marketing for four years and the first grows to 1.75 times; the second falls to 0.24.Inside you will learn how toUnderstand fund structure, economics and the power law that governs every decisionSource deals and build a pipeline partners respectEvaluate founders, markets, products and unit economics without fooling yourselfMaster term sheets, cap tables, dilution, valuation and return modelingWrite an investment memo that survives the partner meetingSupport portfolio companies after the check, manage reserves and follow-ons, and plan your first 90 daysTools includedA glossary of venture terms, the associate's diligence checklist, interview questions and case prompts with guidance, and a learning roadmap. Two Excel workbooks rebuild both appendices, with built-in checks; alongside them are blank versions for your own fund and companies, twelve working documents to print, forty self-marking questions and three worked cases. Nothing is locked; download details are inside the book.
Part of The Private Markets Career Guides. Read next: The Growth Equity Investor, The Private Markets Limited Partner.
Educational content. All examples are fictional; not investment advice.