rt. 2. The National Territory of the Republic of China shall be in accor-
dance with the dominion hithertofore existing.
No change in National Territory and its divisions can be made save in accor-
dance with the law.
CHAPTER ... GOVERNING AUTHORITY
Art ... The power of Government of the Republic of China shall be derived
from the entire body of citizens.
CHAPTER III. THE
CITIZENS
A
rt. 3. Those who are of Chinese nationality according to law shall be
called the citizens of the Republic of China.
Art. 4. Among the citizens of the Republic of China, there shall be, in the
eyes of the law, no racial, class, or religious distinctions, but all shall be equal.
Art. 5. No citizens of the Republic of China shall be arrested, detained,
tried, or punished save in accordance with the law. Whoever happens to be
detained in custody shall be entitled, on application therefore, to the im-
mediate benefit of the writ of habeas corpus, bringing him before a judicial
court of competent jurisdiction for an investigation of the case and appro-
priate action according to law.
Art. 6. The private habitations of the citizens of the Republic of China shall
not be entered or searched except in accordance with the law.
Art. 7. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have the right of secrecy
of correspondence, which may not be violated except as provided by law.
4 B. L. (BERTRAM LENOX) PUTNAM WEALE
Art. 8. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have liberty of choice of
residence and of profession which shall be unrestricted except in accordance
with law.
Art. 9. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have liberty to call meet-
ings or to organize societies which shall be unrestricted except in accordance
with the law.
Art. 10. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have freedom of speech,
writing and publication which shall be unrestricted except in accordance
with the law.
Art. 11. The citizens of the Republic of China shall be entitled to honour
Confucius and shall enjoy freedom of religious belief which shall be unre-
stricted except in accordance with the law.
Art. 12. The citizens of the Republic of China shall enjoy the inviolable right
to the security of their property and any measure to the contrary necessitated
by public interest shall be determined by law.
Art. ... The citizens of the Republic of China shall enjoy all other formsof freedom aside from those hithertofore mentioned, provided they are not
contrary to the spirit of the Constitution.
Art. 13. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have the right to appeal
to the Judicial Courts according to law.
Art. 14. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have the right to submit
petitions or make complaints according to law.
Art. 15. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have the right to vote
and to be voted for according to law.
Art. 16. The citizens of the Republic of China shall have the right to hold