Substantive Bias and Natural Classes: An Empirical Approach

By Yu-Leng Lin

Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Universal implicational nasalized segment hierarchy 1.2 Artificial grammar learning paradigm as the methodology 1.3 Outline of the current study Chapter 2 An introduction to Vowel-consonant nasal harmony 2.1 Typology of nasal vowel-consonant harmony 2.2 Nasal vowel-consonant harmony with opaque segments 2.3 Predictions of the nasalized segment hierarchy Chapter 3 Introduction to artificial goals and challenges 3.1 Assumptions of artificial grammar learning: poverty of the stimulus 3.2 Natural markedness and substantive bias 3.2.1 Implicational universals in substantive bias 3.2.2 Statistical tendencies 3.2.3 Robustness and learnability 3.2.4 Summary 3.3 Artificial grammar studies in substance bias 3.3.1 Implicational universals involving a substance bias: palatalization 3.3.1.1 Fronting effect 3.3.1.2 Experimental design 3.3.1.3 Procedure 3.3.1.4 Results and analysis 3.3.2 Implicational universals involving a formal complexity bias: sibilant harmony 3.3.3 Implicational universals involving a substantive bias: round vowel harmony 3.3.4 Sonority hierarchy 3.3.5 Implicational universals: natural classes/features 3.3.5.1 Nasal assimilation and dissimilation 3.3.5.2 Height-voice and voice-voice 3.3.6 Summary 3.4 Formal complexity bias 3.4.1 Domain-general: attribute-based object classification 3.4.1.1 Contiguity-similarity tradeoff 3.4.1.2 Feature agreement 3.4.2 Domain-specific: natural language 3.5 Summary Chapter 4 Experiment 1 4.1 Testing the prediction of learnability 4.2 Determining which grammar is learned better: learner types 4.3 Rationale of the current design 4.4 Methods 4.4.1 Language choice 4.4.1.1 Inventory, phonotactics and syllable shapes 4.4.1.2 Limited nasal spreading 4.4.1.3 Reasons for choosing S. Min speakers as participants 4.4.2 Design 4.4.2.1 Shapes of words and syllable forms 4.4.2.2 Stimuli 4.4.2.3 Task 4.4.2.4 Exposure and test phases 4.4.2.5 Post-test and post-interview 4.4.3 Participants 4.4.4 Procedure 4.5 Grouped statistics: Patterns 1 and 2 4.6 Individual learner types 4.7 Individual data: Patterns 1 (S(k)→W(k)) and 2 (W(k)→S(k)) 4.7.1 Categorization learner-generalizer 4.7.2 Categorization learner-generalized (opposite) 4.7.3 Categorization learner-pattern learner 4.7.4 Statistical learner-positional statistician 4.7.5 Statistical learner-unbound nasalizer 4.8 Discussion: learner types 4.8.1 Possibility 1: reference to the sonority hierarchy type 4.8.2 Possibility 2: reference to sonority natural classes 4.8.3 Possibility 3: floor effect 4.8.4 Possibility 4: game strategy 4.8.5 Possibility 1 vs. Possibility 2 4.9 Follow-up experiments: 4.9.1 Hypothesis 1: game strategy 4.9.2 Hypothesis 2: phonological processes 4.9.3 Hypothesis 3: floor effect 4.10 Methods 4.10.1 Participants 4.11 Grouped statistics: Patterns 3 kt(S) and 4 kt(W) 4.12 Individual data: Patterns 3 kt(S) and 4 kt(W) 4.13 General discussion: Patterns 1-4 4.13.1 Inferential statistics 4.13.2 Learner types 4.14 Discussion: interactive approach vs. pure sonority natural classes 4.15 Summary Chapter 5 Experiment 2: sonority effects 5.1 Predictions: directionality (

• Format: Hardcover
• Language: English
• ISBN: 9811335338
• ISBN13: 9789811335334
• Release Date: January 2019
• Publisher: Springer
• Length: 122 Pages
• Weight: 0.83 lbs.
• Dimensions: 0.4" x 6.1" x 9.2"