The series pnm is intended to help decenter our Islamocentric perception of the Near and Middle East. It offers a platform for philosophical thought that has been emerging since the second half of the 19th century in Alexandria, Beirut, Fez, Istanbul, Jerusalem, Cairo, Calcutta, Lahore, Tehran, Tbilisi and Tunis, dealing with the challenges of "modern" sciences, technologies, values and demands and reflecting anew on religious, moral, cultural, legal, social and aesthetic traditions.