Small Finance Banks (SFBs) are a distinct category of banking institutions introduced in India to promote financial inclusion and strengthen the reach of formal banking services among underserved and unserved sections of society. Conceptualized by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) following the recommendations of the Committee on Comprehensive Financial Services for Small Businesses and Low Income Households (Nachiket Mor Committee), Small Finance Banks began operations in 2016. Their primary objective is to provide basic banking services-such as acceptance of deposits and lending-while focusing on small farmers, micro and small enterprises, self-employed individuals, and low-income households. By bridging the gap between traditional commercial banks and informal financial systems, SFBs play a critical role in deepening the financial ecosystem. Their localized approach, simplified procedures, and use of technology enable them to understand region-specific needs more effectively than larger banks. Overall, Small Finance Banks represent an important institutional mechanism for inclusive growth, contributing to balanced economic development and the formalization of the Indian economy.
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