This volume focuses on interventive retouching in paper conservation�the practice of visually reintegrating lost or damaged media directly on original artworks. It explores the ethical challenges of such interventions, including issues of reversibility, authenticity, and visual integrity. While non-interventive approaches like infill retouching are briefly contrasted, the emphasis is on techniques and decision-making in interventive practice. The book also considers digital reconstruction and facsimile reintegration, offering critical perspectives on aesthetics, intent, and the role of retouching in preserving visual legibility.