This Reprint spans a broad and interdisciplinary spectrum of topics in graphene and two-dimensional materials science, while naturally converging into four coherent thematic areas that reflect the current frontiers of the field. The first theme focuses on the development of graphene nanoribbons, ranging from advanced modeling approaches to the realization of functional devices with tailored electronic and transport properties. The second area addresses the properties and applications of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, highlighting their structural, chemical, and functional versatility across diverse technological domains. The third theme explores graphene-based silicon heterostructures, with particular emphasis on optoelectronic applications and interface-driven phenomena. Finally, this Reprint extends beyond graphene to encompass emerging two-dimensional materials, offering new perspectives on novel physical properties and device concepts.