Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions (C. 1830-1930)

by Merle Calvin Ricklefs and M.C. Ricklefs

By the early nineteenth century, Islam had come to be the religious element in Javanese identity. But it was a particular kind of Islam, here called the 'mystic synthesis'. This Javanese mysticism had three notable characteristics: Javanese held firmly to their identity as Muslims, they carried out the basic ritual obligations of the faith, but they also accepted the reality of local spiritual forces.
In the course of the nineteenth century, colonial...

• Format: Paperback
• Language: English
• ISBN: 9067182761
• ISBN13: 9789067182768
• Release Date: January 2007
• Publisher: Brill