Preface In the evolving landscape of medical education, the need for clarity, compassion, and clinical relevance has never been greater. Physiology Unlocked was born from a simple yet profound question: How can we help students not just memorize physiology, but truly understand and apply it? This book is a response to that question-a modular, chapter-wise MCQ bank meticulously aligned with Guyton & Hall, Ganong, and Sembulingam, the cornerstone texts of human physiology. Each question is crafted with care, not only to test knowledge but to deepen it. Explanations are concise yet illuminating, mnemonics are woven in to aid retention, and every item is ethically referenced to its source. As an author and clinician, I have witnessed the transformative power of student-centered learning. This resource is designed to empower learners-whether preparing for exams, revising core concepts, or integrating physiology into clinical reasoning. It is also a tribute to the resilience and curiosity of Sri Lankan medical students, whose pursuit of excellence continues to inspire. I extend my gratitude to the giants of physiology whose texts guide us, and to every student and teacher who believes that learning can be both rigorous and humane. May this book serve not only as a tool for success, but as a companion in your journey toward becoming a thoughtful, compassionate healer. Content List 1. General Physiology 1.1 Cell & General Organization of the Human Body1.1.1 Homeostasis1.1.2 Structure and functions of cell organelles1.1.3 Transport across cell membranes1.1.4 Membrane potentials and resting membrane potential1.1.5 Action potentials and properties1.2 Body Fluids & Blood1.2.1 Composition and functions of plasma1.2.2 Red blood cells (structure, function, life cycle)1.2.3 White blood cells and immunity1.2.4 Platelets and hemostasis1.2.5 Blood groups and transfusion1.2.6 Lymph and reticuloendothelial system2. Nerve, Muscle & Synapse 2.1 Nerve Physiology2.1.1 Properties of nerve fibers2.1.2 Conduction of impulses2.1.3 Synaptic transmission2.1.4 Neuromuscular junction2.1.5 Neurotransmitters2.2 Muscle Physiology2.2.1 Skeletal muscle contraction2.2.2 Smooth muscle contraction2.2.3 Cardiac muscle properties3. Gastrointestinal Physiology3.1 Salivary secretion and swallowing3.2 Gastric secretion and motility3.3 Pancreatic secretion3.4 Bile and liver functions3.5 Small intestine secretion and absorption3.6 Large intestine functions3.7 Gastrointestinal hormones and regulation4. Cardiovascular Physiology4.1 Properties of cardiac muscle4.2 Cardiac cycle4.3 Heart sounds and murmurs4.4 Electrocardiogram (ECG): principles and interpretation4.5 Cardiac output and its regulation4.6 Blood pressure and its regulation4.7 Microcirculation and capillary exchange4.8 Venous return and circulation5. Respiratory Physiology 6. Renal Physiology & Body Fluid Regulation 7. Endocrine Physiology 8. Reproductive Physiology 9. Nervous System 9.1 Organization of the nervous system 9.2 Sensory System 9.3 Motor System 9.4 Autonomic Nervous System 9.5 Special Senses 9.6 Higher Functions of the Brain 10. Environmental & Applied Physiology 11. Special Topics (Clinical Integration)
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