Panini Grammar: nichi mit and Proxy Roots

By Ashwini Kumar Aggarwal and Sadhvi Hemswaroopa

मित् is a grammatical classification in the Dhatupatha. It applies Ashtadhyayi Sutra 6.4.92 मितां ह्रस्वः to specific Roots in Dhatupatha.

7.2.116 अत उपधायाः । For Roots having penultimate अ that end in a consonant, the penultimate अ takes Vriddhi for Affixes having ञ् or ण् Tag.

Note: Primary Root Verb forms for 1c - 9c Roots are unaffected. Applies only for Secondary णिजन्तः Verbs.

6.4.92 मितां ह्रस्वः । For Roots classified as मित् i.e. with म् Tag, their penultimate vowel before the causative णिच् is shortened. This मित् classification is given to specific Roots in the Dhatupatha, by Gana Sutras. This is a grammatical system to ensure that Root to Verb Spellings can be derived correctly and be accurate.

For मित् Roots for making णिजन्तः Verb Spellings, Sutras 7.2.116 and 6.4.92 apply consecutively. By 7.2.116 the penultimate अकारः becomes आकारः । By 6.4.92 the penultimate आकारः reverts back to अकारः ।

Roots of Dhatupatha on which 7.2.116 can apply:

-Roots having penultimate अ and final consonant.

-Thus it cannot apply to इदित् Roots, since we get penultimate न्

-It cannot apply to Roots with final conjunct.

-It cannot apply to 10c कथादिः Roots 1851 कथ to 1943 तुत्थ since there is penultimate consonant and final अ

Roots of Dhatupatha on which 6.4.92 can apply:

-Roots classified as मित् by Gana Sutras in Dhatupatha

-It can apply to all मित् Roots that have penultimate vowel

-Thus it can apply to Root 778 हेड वेष्टने that is मित् and has penultimate vowel. (This is the only मित् Root in Dhatupatha with penultimate vowel other than अकारः )

-Some मित् Roots are इदित् (e.g. 769 क्षजि गतिदानयोः ) so Sutra 6.4.92 cannot apply

-Some मित् Roots have final conjunct (e.g. 999 रञ्ज रागे ) so 6.4.92 applies only when न् drops and we have penultimate अ

-It cannot apply to 10c कथादिः Roots 1851 कथ to 1943 तुत्थ since there is penultimate consonant and final अ

------

There are some Roots in the Dhatupatha whose Secondary णिच् Verb Forms are मित् । These have been neatly collected for accurate Verb Spelling. 3x3 Parasmaipada and Atmanepada Verb Tables have been given for these Roots in कर्त्तरि Present Tense.

------

Lists the Dhatupatha, Alphabetical Index of Dhatus, and Maheshwar Sutras and Pratyaharas for in-depth understanding.

• Format: Hardcover
• Language: English
• ISBN: 9348012630
• ISBN13: 9789348012630
• Release Date: July 2025
• Publisher: Devotees of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar Ashram
• Length: 102 Pages
• Weight: 0.68 lbs.
• Dimensions: 0.3" x 6.0" x 9.0"