Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated collapse of the upper airway during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia, fragmented sleep, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Orthodontics plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of OSA by evaluating craniofacial morphology, dental arch form, and jaw relationships that influence airway dimensions. Orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic interventions-such as maxillary expansion, mandibular advancement appliances, and growth-modification therapies-can help improve upper airway patency, particularly in growing patients, while orthodontists also contribute to interdisciplinary care in adult OSA management.
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