The OECD's survey of the economic performance of the United States considers a range of issues regarding: recent trends and prospects, monetary and fiscal policy; structural policy developments; and health system reform. Overall, the survey finds that the US economy began to recover during 2002 following the relatively mild recession of the previous year, in part due to fiscal and monetary policy actions including increased government spending after the September 11 terrorist attacks. However, this recovery is still fragile, given a weak labour market and a continuing unsettled stock market. The Federal Reserve will eventually have to cut interest rates in the short term, and will need to consider the adoption of an inflation-targeting framework in the longer-term. Given the complex structure of the US health care systems, reforms are likely to involve both increased public programmes and tax changes to encourage greater private coverage. The strong economy has contributed to improved social conditions and reduced levels of poverty, welfare dependency and crime. It will be important to sustain these gains in a less favourable economic environment.
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