The OECD's survey of the Japanese economy considers a range of issues including: recent macroeconomic developments and policy challenges; and policies designed to promote economic growth, productivity and structural reforms. Japan is faced with a difficult task of implementing structural reforms to a system that once worked well but is now ill-adapted to a changing environment. This is likely to be politically difficult because of well entrenched vested interests. The economic recovery has been narrowly based and with prospects for domestic demand weak, downside risks are important. Concerted policy actions are necessary to ensure that Japan can emerge from its current economic problems. Monetary policy will have to take the lead in tackling deflation, and a medium-term fiscal strategy will be required to tackle the country's debt problem, the need for fundamental tax reform, and the challenges posed by ageing of the population.
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