
Throughout the social, medical and other sciences the importance of understanding complex hierarchical data structures is well understood. Multilevel modelling is now the accepted statistical technique for handling such data and is widely available in computer software packages...

In the mid 1980s a number of researchers began to pursue systematic approaches to the statistical modelling and analysis of hierarchically structured data. Aitkin's early work on teaching styles and his subsequent classic work with Longford initiated a series of developments...

This new edition of this classic incorporates the most recent thinking on methodology and software, as well as the latest literature on multilevel statistical models. Topics covered by multilevel models have increased in recent years, and the methods are widely applied in the...