The execution by firing squad in 1867 of Maximilian, the puppet emperor installed in Mexico by Napoleon III, was to have far-reaching implications, shattering the international prestige of France and hastening the collapse of the Second Empire. For Edouard Manet, already known in Paris as a non-conformist painter, this tragic event led to a surge of anti-imperial sentiment in his work, causing him to be labeled politically dangerous as well as artistically...