The primary focus of this study is the figure of Trypho in Justin Martyr's 'Dialogue with Trypho, A Jew' (mid-second century C.E.). A close-reading of Trypho's character reveals a consistent figure who does not appear to be based on a Jewish stereotype or Christian invention. Instead, he is a pre-rabbinic Diaspora Jew whose argumentation style is philosophical, even Socratic. By listening to Trypho one can hear a voice with its own sensibility, style...