?mile Gaboriau (November 9, 1832 - September 28, 1873) , was a Frenchwriter, novelist, and journalist, and a pioneer of modern detective fiction.Gaboriau was born in the small town of Saujon, Charente-Maritime. He becamea secretary to Paul F?val, and after publishing some novels and miscellaneouswritings, found his real gift in L'Affaire Lerouge (1866). The book, which wasGaboriau's first detective novel, introduced an amateur detective. It alsointroduced a young police officer named Monsieur Lecoq, who was the hero inthree ofGaboriau's later detective novels. Monsieur Lecoq was based on a real-life thiefturned police officer, Eug?ne Fran?ois Vidocq (1775-1857), whose memoirs, LesVrais M?moires de Vidocq, mixed fiction and fact. It may also have beeninfluenced by the villainous Monsieur Lecoq, one of the main protagonists ofF?val's Les Habits Noirs book series. The book was published in the Pays and atonce made his reputation. Gaboriau gained a huge following, but when ArthurConan Doyle created Sherlock Holmes, Monsieur Lecoq's international famedeclined. The story was produced on the stage in 1872. A long series of novelsdealing with the annals of the police court followed, and proved very popular.Gaboriau died in Paris of pulmonary apoplexy.
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