Industrial biotechnology often called White Biotechnology, is the branch of biotechnology that represents the practical application of biological science to industrial processes, where microorganisms, enzymes, and cells are harnessed to convert raw materials into value-added products in an efficient and sustainable way. It applies biology to industry to produce things like enzymes, antibiotics, alcohol, organic acids, biofuels, vaccines, and fermented foods using fermentation and bioprocess technology. The purpose of this laboratory manual is to introduce undergraduate and postgraduate students from different disciplines to understand the theoretical aspects of industrial biotechnology and master the lab skills necessary to be competitive in their scientific life and researches. The intent of this lab manual is to make the student more independent. Practically all the directions for work to do are contained in it; for this reason, the work as assigned from day to day should be read over carefully before beginning the exercise and then followed step by step.
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