The development of hostilities in the summer of 1942. led to a sharp change in the situation on the southern sector of the Soviet-German front. This was due to the implementation of new strategic plans of the fascist command. Still at a meeting at the headquarters of the army group "South", held on June 1, 1942, Hitler declared: "If I don't get the oil from Maikop and Grozny, I will have to put an end to this war"1. Accordingly, the offensive of the Nazi troops, which began in late June, already in July marked a real threat of occupation North Caucasus. After the capture on July 24 of Rostov-on-Don - "the gate Caucasus" - they launched active offensive operations against two directions - to Stalingrad and the Caucasus. From the end of July 1942 hostilities unfolded already on the territory of the Krasnodar edge, and a month later the Nazis managed to reach the passes of the Main Caucasian ridge. In general, the events of the summer of 1942 became a real disaster for the Red Army. The pace of her retreat at that time was comparable only to the most difficult times of 1941. In total, in the summer-autumn campaign of 1942, 4 million people were out of order.
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