Floods are the most common and destructive natural disaster in the United States. The National Flood Insurance Program, which FEMA administers, has struggled financially to both pay for flood losses and keep rates affordable. To address these and other challenges, Congress has passed legislation including the Homeowners Flood Insurance Affordability Act of 2014 (HFIAA). HFIAA included provisions for FEMA to conduct a study and submit a report that assesses and recommends options, methods, and strategies for making CBFI available through NFIP. FEMA presented the study and related report to Congress in March 2016.HFIAA also includes a provision for GAO to review the FEMA report, which is to include the study and submit a related report to Congress. To review the study and report FEMA submitted to Congress, GAO analyzed the FEMA study's objectives, methodology, and findings, and evaluated the FEMA report's conclusions.GAO analyzed the appropriateness of the objectives, the reasonableness of the methodology, and the extent to which the conclusions were supported by the findings. GAO also evaluated relevant study findings against public policy goals for federal involvement in catastrophe insurance previously identified by GAO, and interviewed FEMA and NAS officials.
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