
1. Theoretical backgrounds and organization of the study. 2. Considerations for the study design. 3. Ad hominem fallacies; an exemplary study. 4. The confrontation stage; the freedom rule. 5. The opening stage; the burden of proof rule I (shifting the burden of proof). 6. The...

In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than...