This book provides a cross-sectoral, multi-scale assessment of different environmental problems via in-depth studies of the India sub-continent. Ground level data collected from different ecosystems have made the topics stand on a strong foundation. The book investigates how mankind is presently under the appalling shadow of pollution, climate change, over population and poverty. The continuing problem of pollution, loss of forests, disposal of solid waste, deterioration of environment, global warming and loss of biodiversity have made nations aware of environmental issues. Many countries are desperately trying to move away from this adverse situation through technological development and policy level approaches. Through a number of case studies the authors provide details of ground level observations of the most environmentally stressed regions in the India sub-continent and beyond.