Introduction.- Key Themes of Chinese Policing.- Theoretical Framework.- Methodology.- Policing in the Pre-reform Era: Mass Line of Policing.- Policing in the Reform Era: Strike Hard Campaigns and Emergence of Police Social Service Role Conflict and Incongruity.- Policing in the Reform Era: The Police Professionalization and Emergence of Police Social Service Role Ambiguity, Overload and Inadequacy.- Community Policing in the Reform Era: Police Professional Ethics and Emergence of Social Service Role Under-compensation.- Police Social Service Role Strain-Stress: Findings of Their Relationship and Rise of Formal Social Control.- Coping with Police Social Service Role Strain: Findings of the Paramilitary-Bureaucratic Structure and Structural Empowerment of the Police Organization.- Coping with Police Social Service Role Strain: Findings of the Paramilitary-Bureaucratic Structure and Psychological Empowerment of the Police Organization.- Conclusion.- Reference.- Appendices.
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