Effect of Parenting on Achievement Motivation and Coping with Stress
Parents provide children with the framework from which they can begin
to develop and cultivate their own value system. This framework is
developed by socialization, observation and interactions that children have
with their parents. Modelling is a powerful, indirect tool through which
children learn the most without parents realizing what they are teaching
their children. Hence, it is very important for parents to be conscious of
their behaviour as they will unknowingly be imitated by their children. The
process of the transmission of the values and habits from parents to
children begins at a young age and can have lasting effects on the future
of individuals, as well as socialization for generations to come. Darling and
Steinberg defined parenting as practices which are visible, specific
behaviours that are directed towards socializing with their children.
According to Curtis and Newman, parenting is a family dynamic that
often has a direct impact on and within a family. Hence, parenting is an
important and necessary area to be researched upon. There are studies of
Baumrind; Muller and Kerbow on parenting which illustrate
and examine its impact on children in different ways. Appropriate parenting
becomes very vital at the stage of adolescence because this is a crucial
stage for identity formation.
The word 'adolescence' has a Latin origin, and means to grow or to
mature. It is a period of transition where an individual evolves, both
physically and psychologically from a child to an adult. The period of adolescence has been described as the period of awakening and self discovery with regard to physical, social, intellectual and emotional
competencies. The individual's physical, mental, social, moral and spiritual
attitudes go through revolutionary changes. Such changes, during
adolescence, are more rapid than during infancy or childhood. During
adolescence, the individual wants to make independent decisions in various
situations, which may be regarded as an act of indiscipline by the adults
around. However, gradually the adolescent starts to regulate one's desires
according to the standards set by the society, and begins to realize the
social responsibilities.
There are various factors which are important for a healthy and
effective development of the child like effective study habits, motivation
and coping with any kind of stress. These factors affect a student
academically, emotionally and socially. Study habits are learner's habitual
ways of exercising and practicing their abilities for learning (Yazdani &
Godbole, 2014). Motivation is generally defined as internal condition that
stimulates, directs and maintains behaviour (Woolfolk, 2004). Coping with
stress is the cognitive and behavioural efforts an individual uses to manage
specific demands or stressors.
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