After two decades of adjustment without economic growth, there are some real signs of improving economic performance in Africa, including new trade and investment opportunities arising from increasing demand in emerging markets, and there has also been progress on debt relief. This report examines how the commitment by the international community to double aid to Africa by 2015 might place the continent on a sustainable development path and concludes that, if this commitment is to translate into sustainable poverty reduction, new thinking is required to tackle the unbalanced state of the international aid system, such as high transaction costs, lack of transparency and excessive demands placed on the weak institutions of recipients. The "big push" needed requires a new aid architecture with a much larger multilateral component, managed under different institutional arrangements, and the provision of much greater policy autonomy to recipients.
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