INTRODUCTION
1.1 ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF STEEL
REINFORCEMENT AND CATHODIC PROTECTION IN
CONCRETE
Concrete is a durable construction material. Reinforcing steel is added to
concrete to form a stronger and more durable material. Generally concrete because
of its high alkalinity (pH = 12.6) gives protection to steel by creating a passive
environment. Concrete infrastructures generally undergo deterioration from either
lack of concrete durability or from corrosion of reinforcements [1,2]. Nonhomogeneity of the metal surface, effects of applied stress, and surface
contamination are the factors responsible for the deterioration of reinforcements.
Coastal/marine environments with more salts account for extensive damage to
concrete bridges, decks, offshore platforms, piers, vessels, and harbor facilities.
Such type of failure is found only when critical quantities of corrosive ions
particularly chloride ions penetrated too close to reinforcements