Ancient and Modern Britons: Vol. 1, originally published in 1884 by Scottish antiquarian and folklorist David MacRitchie, is a highly unconventional and controversial historical and anthropological study. The book is best known for its radical "euhemeristic" approach, which argues that traditional British legends of fairies, brownies, and mythical figures are actually distorted historical memories of real, dark-skinned aboriginal peoples who inhabited the British Isles before the arrival of the Celts and Romans.