Alejandro Tsakimp: A Shuar Healer in the Margins of History

By Steven Rubenstein

In the heavily forested foothills of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador, a Shuar healer named Alejandro Tsakimp leads many lives. He is a peasant who sells cattle and lumber, a member of the Shuar Federation, a son and a brother, a husband and a father, a student and a worker, and, finally, a troubled shaman. Being a healer has long been both a burden and a resource, for the power to cure is also the power to kill, and shamans like Tsakimp are frequently in danger from accusations of witchcraft. But the situation of the Shuar today is especially perilous, and Tsakimp must constantly negotiate relations of power not only with rival shamans and his patients, but with the better-educated and richer officials of the Shuar Federation and his own siblings as well.

In his own words, Alejandro Tsakimp tells of his lives and relationships, the practice of shamanism, and the many challenges and triumphs he has encountered since childhood. He was born at the time when Shuar were first confronting the impact of Ecuadorian colonialism, which had triggered devastating intertribal conflict over the production and trade of shrunken heads and intratribal feuding fueled by accusations of witchcraft. Tsakimp was first exposed to healing practices when he was cured in the womb by a shaman. Later he actively pursued this knowledge in the hopes of curing his father, another shaman, who was ill from witchcraft. His father's death in 1990 created conflict among his heirs, who were the first generation of Shuar to inherit property. Tsakimp's family fiercely competed for the property and eventually accused one another of witchcraft and parricide.

Anthropologist Steven Rubenstein, who began working with Tsakimp in 1989, has skillfully edited Tsakimp's stories and provides essential background information. Ruben-stein argues that although these stories reveal tensions between individual and collective autonomy on the colonial frontier, they also resist simplistic dichotomies such as state versus indigene and modern versus traditional.

Alejandro Tsakimp provides a revealing look at the relationship between anthropologist and shaman and an insightful glimpse into the complicated lives of South American Indians today.

• Format: Paperback
• Language: English
• ISBN: 080328988X
• ISBN13: 9780803289888
• Release Date: October 2002
• Publisher: University of Nebraska Press
• Length: 352 Pages
• Weight: 0.98 lbs.
• Dimensions: 0.7" x 5.8" x 9.0"

Customer Reviews

This book will make a great textbook!

This is a serious anthropological book. I was extremely impressed by Dr. Rubenstein's intellectual discussions, his research methods, and his careful approach to his informants as well as his sensitivities to and sincerity for his informants during research and writing. He is honest with his readers. In ethnographic works like this, especially ones involving different cultures, I have observed that authors tend to paint the stories heard in their own cultural colors and speak for their informants instead of allowing the informants to speak their own voices. However, in this book, the author makes sure that the readers clearly hear Alejandro's and other informants' voices and their telling their own stories. This is a must book for students majoring in anthropology, especially graduate students. Dr. Rubenstein reviews and includes the work by anthropologists in the past such as Malinowski and Radcliff-Brown and engages his reader in great discussions about various issues in anthropology. Because the author explains each issue clearly and systematically, even a person like me, a professor of communication, who has no formal anthropological background and whose mother tongue is not English, could understand the major discussions in anthropology identified in this book. In addition, because the author deals with various issues in academia and in life, readers can apply the knowledge they gain from this book into various fields. For instance, in terms of the issue about colonizer and colonialism, this book made me think about what happened to the farmers in my own neighborhood in Japan after WWII and during 1970 when new land policies were enforced.This book will make a useful textbook in ethnography, anthropology, or methodology. This book also will aid anyone who is interested in life history, cultural and cross-cultural studies, spirituality, politics and colonialism, social change, history, South American culture, and cross-cultural and intercultural communication. I think more communication scholars, especially the ones who conduct qualitative researches or who teach intercultural communication, should read this book.

Insightful and honest...

Rubenstein's book does two things at once: It provides an insightful look into the life of the Shuar healer Alejandro Tsakimp, in which many of the complexities of this person (and the Shuar people) are presented to the reader. At the same time, Rubenstein confronts the issues of representation -- he introduces himself and explains his relationship to his subject and the representation he is making -- then steps away and allows Alejandro to tell his story.I found this book both interesting and useful for those two reasons -- as a fascinating glimpse into the lives of the Shuar people and as a model of dealing with the critical issues of representation confronting authors (and readers) across a wide range of studies.

evocative book worthy of good readers

Rubenstein's book (about Alejandro Tsakimp) intrigued me because it initially confronted many of the fallacies of the written word. I felt that it was extremely thoughtful of the author to address these anthropological and literary issues, and he succeeded in heightening my awareness of the anthropologist as a lens through which the "subject" (Alejandro) is seen, thus allowing Alejandro to retain his dignity as a subject with a voice of his own.Rubenstein, in the tradition of Briggs and Belmonte, strives to capture the quintessence of his subject(s) yet cannot ignore the fact that he is, inevitably, a part of his subject's (Alejandro's) tale; he (Rubenstein) is conscientious in admitting to the reader that he is the medium through which Alejandro's story must pass. I view his honesty as one of his many strengths.Unlike any other ethnography I have read, Rubenstein allows us to hear Alejandro's stories in his own words (at length). I believe that Rubenstein uses the first 4 chapters to prepare us for this framing of Alejandro's life, so that we may understand it (Alejandro's life) in terms of itself, and not through the mind of an anthropologist. We eventually see the irony in this framing of Alejandro's story, because of the interconnectedness of all things; all things and events bleed across their supposed boundaries and the reader understands that nothing is an isolated incident. I was forced to understand Alejandro in terms of his context.Alejandro's tales reveal the confusion created by the confluence of two cultures. In order to protect themselves from state infringement, the Shuar create a Federation which only seems to further indoctrinate them into a state-level society through bureaucratic representation. The reader has to decide whether the cultural plight of the Shuar exhibits symptoms of ethnocide or a sort of ethnogenesis.In addition, Alejandro's powerful story is further riddled with the perils of being a shaman and facing the duality of one's power, the power to kill and cure.In the end, the most enduring thing about Rubenstein's book is his honest and cleverly constructed commentary on the human condition and Alejandro's "quixotic determination to live in that world, to reflect on it and thus, necessarily to reflect it. In this reflection the space betwen history and culture, and the myths people -not just anthropologists but Shuar and colonos and even Alejandro himself- hold about culture unravel. And in this unraveling, Alejandro is just a shuar, just a person, living the best he can."I believe that Rubenstein's book would be of considerable interest to anyone fascinated by the indiginous peoples of South America or any serious student of anthropology (or even english major interested in literary theory).However, this book is accessible to anyone who's willing to spend a little time with it. There are so many issues swimming within the pages of Rubenstein's book that you won't have to read far to find something of interest.Any

Alejandro Tsakimp, a Shuar Healer in the Margins of History

This book is a serious anthropological work about an indigenous Ecuadorian Shaman. I had no difficulty reading the book as a layperson. Dr. Rubenstein puts a lot of himself into the book and is upfront about his friendship with Alejandro. I liked how he confronted the ethical and objectivity issues inherent in a study involving people. He lets Alejandro Tsakimp tell the story of his life. Much of the book is dialogue from interviews of Alejandro which allowed me to draw my own conclusions about what it might be like to be Shuar and a shaman in modern Ecuador. I enjoyed the book. I thought it was clear, expressive and well-paced. I recommend it to anyone who is interested in South American culture. It would also be an excellent resource for anyone considering working with Shuar people as a Peace Corps volunteer or with an aid organization.