Air Traffic Control Human Factors: A Special Issue of the International Journal of Aviation Psychology (Volume 3, Number 4/1993)
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Aircraft operations are tied intimately to the operations of the air traffic control (ATC) system, and the airspace environment is becoming increasingly complex and interrelated. The actions of pilots and the operations possible throughout the various regimes of flight reflect the characteristics of both the ATC system and the interaction between ATC personnel and pilots. Understanding of the research conducted on ATC as presented in this special issue will facilitate future research on the flight deck and interaction with ATC. ATC has a long history of applied psychological research, but application of the findings of this research to operational ATC systems and procedures has been seemingly limited. Addressing the essential elements of controller performance within the ATC system and of interaction between the flight deck and ATC, the contributors to this special issue: * show how communication remains central to the pilot's coordination of intent while airborne and how it is accomplished largely through verbal contact, * delineate the constituent elements of controller expertise, * address routine controller-pilot communication to identify causes of error, * discuss the time required to complete ATC messages, * identify the potential effects of time delays in transmission, and * examine the necessity of one of the time-honored tools of the trade -- flight progress strips.
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