Chapter 1 Liquefaction resistance of saturated sand 1.1 Triaxial test apparatus for cyclic loading 1.2 Resistance of saturated sand to liquefaction 1.3 Physical properties pertinent to dynamic characterisation of soils 1.4 Introducing novel concepts for dynamic characterisation of sand (1) Binary packing of soil particles (2) Skeleton void ratio for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils