Advances in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have revolutionized pharmaceutical analysis by offering enhanced precision, sensitivity, and broader applications in drug research and development. Modern NMR instruments equipped with high-field magnets, cryoprobes, and multidimensional techniques allow researchers to study complex molecular structures with remarkable clarity. These improvements help in identifying active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), detecting impurities, and characterizing polymorphic forms that can affect drug stability and efficacy. NMR also enables in-depth analysis of drug-protein and drug-receptor interactions, providing valuable insights into mechanisms of action and bioavailability. Non-destructive and highly reproducible, it serves as a reliable tool for quality control, metabolomics, and pharmacokinetics. Recent advances, such as solid-state NMR and in-cell NMR, have expanded its scope from small molecules to biologics, including proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. With automation, improved sensitivity, and integration with computational methods, NMR spectroscopy continues to play a vital role in ensuring safe, effective, and innovative.
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