When the Civil War erupted in April 1861, many German immigrants in Illinois rushed to enlist in the Union Army. Volunteers from Illinois towns in St. Clair County--Belleville, Millstadt, Mascoutah, Lebanon, and others--marched to Springfield under the command of August Mersy, a veteran of the failed 1848 revolt in Baden, Germany. Marion Morrison notes that when the German immigrants reached Springfield, August Mersy was rejected as commander...